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KMID : 0378019600030110129
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New Medical Journal
1960 Volume.3 No. 11 p.129 ~ p.161
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Biometric Studies on Flat Foot of School Children
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Kim Sa-Dal
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Abstract
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In the conventional diagnostic methods of flat foot, a pedographical method has been constantly employed. The classification standard of Pedograph was made by the size of the spare between the horizontal line passing through the center of the middle toe from the center of calcaneus and the horizontal line of the inner edge of the sole, and also the. diagnosis has been made by the vaulting condition of the foot by means of X-ray photography.
Most of these conventional methods, however, are apt to produce a subjective misdiagnosis due to the eye-measurement of the observer, and the X-ray photography is an unpracticable one to be employed for mass survey. In orcer to, therefore, correct these defects, the author tried to calculate the numerical value that can be considered a diagnostic standard of flat foot based on the biometfic values of accurately printed sole surface measured by a planimeter.
The data or materials used for this study were obtained from the pedographical process of all 3,327 school children of an elementary school in Seoul city. As a result of reviewing the possibility if the numerical value of sole area itself can be of the diagnostic standard of flat foot, it was found that the correlative difference from view of the sole area of individually differed fiat foot will not have any significant factor.
An examination was made subsequently, in consideration of the effective factor of foot-length to the size of the sole area, for the purpose of finding any statistical significance of the difference according to the indices of the sole area divided by its foot-length. However, the statistical evaluation of the result indicated negative. In addition, a further examination was also :Wade, perceiving _ the fact that the size of the sole area is influenced by a ratio of foot-width to foot-length, revealed that, as shown in Table 6, the difference of the indices can be considered to have a definite statistical significance. The author, therefore, named it as "Index of Flat Foot" (A/W), where A is expressed for Sole Area, L for Foot-length and W for Foot-width.
The author calculated again the standard indices for classifying the degree of flat foot based on the flat foot indices mentioned above which were consolidated by foot-length class and sex. (See 1 thru 10, Table 7.)
In other words, the author tried to obtain the mean value M, standard deviation SDX, unbiassed variation U2 and 99% confidence intervals of the individually differed flat foot indices.
The result of this examination demonstrated the clear classification of confidence intervals by `severe´, `moderate´ and `minimal´ of the flat foot, and the indices of individually differed flat foot increased in its numerical values according to the size in the foot length class.
In addition to this, an average value of flat foot indices in both sexes was also calculated, based on which the author devised the standard of flat foot in school children (Table 10) in accordance with the indices of flat foot.
As a result of the examination made by calculating the numerical values of correlationships between the indices of flat foot, height, weight, Rohrer´s coefficient and physical capacity (running power), etc. for the purpose of investigating the relationships between the flat foot, physique and physical capacity and their correlations, it was found that all elements, except with height, as quoted above had a positive correlation each other.
In other words, the author has come to the conclusion that Rohrer´s coefficient increases correspondingly as the degree of flat foot becomes remarkable and that heavy condition of the weight and tardiness in running power may be seen. The flat foot was mostly found in the school
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